Sociopolitical Dimensions of Mathematics Education by Murad Jurdak & Renuka Vithal

Author:Murad Jurdak & Renuka Vithal
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

In addition, during the same period, Brazil improved the income’s transfer2 for poor population, e.g., Bolsa Família, which is a government program benefiting low-income families. This program had beneficiated 13.8 million households, embracing 26% of the population in 2012 (United Nations 2015). The budget of this program corresponded to 0.53% of GDP in 2013 and was fully financed by the social security budget. According to the United Nations’ Human Development Report (2015), since the program was launched, Brazil reduced poverty by about 8 percentage points. This introduced more consumers to the economy, people who could not be included before because of poverty.

Another important point related to income and consumption was the decrease in unemployment rates. According to IBGE (2017), Brazilian GDP grew, in real terms by 49.5% and one of the consequences was a reduction on inoccupation rates, e.g., in 2002 the rate was 10.5% and reached 4.3% in 2014, increasing to 6.9% in 2015 (Fig. 3). The employment supply increase has increased income for a population who then transform this reality into consumption.

Fig. 3Inoccupation rate, between 2002 and 2015 (%).

Source Data from Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (PME IBGE 2016)

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